Grate



0. W. PE-T'ERSEN.

` l GRAU-3. `APPLICATION FILED AUG.V1|1919.

Patlted'Aug. 8,

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

www @4% www rif:

OLAF W. PETERSEN, OF BUFFALO, NEW YORK, ASSIG-NOR TO PETERSEN STOK'ER COMPANY, OF-BUFFALO, NEW YORK.

GRATE.

Specification of Letters Patent. 13313911159@ Aug, 8, 19,22,I

i Application'fned August 1, 1919.` serial No. 314,599.

To @ZZ whom, t may concern Be it known that I, OLAF W. PnTERsEN, a subject of the King of Denmark, residing at Buffalo, in the county of Erie and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Crates, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to grates of the kind by which the fuel, during the combustion thereof, can be advanced alongl the grate.

The objects of the invention'are to produce a grate of this kind comprising grate bars having a plurality of surfaces which may be successively exposed to the heat of the fire and when in their normal positions form a substantially-flat upper face of the grate, the grate bars being adapted to be actuated for advancing the fuel; also to provide a grate of this `kind which keeps itself clean and free from clinkers; also to provide a grate of this kind which automatically dumps the ashes or clinkers and v'in which the ash is not mixed -with the green fuel; also to provide a grate of this kind which is simple in construction, reliable kin operation and in which defective parts can easily be replaced withoutnecessitating the dismantling of the entire grate or its removal from the furnace; also vto provide a stoking grate which is of compact construction so that it can be used in a Scotch ormarine type of boiler; also to improve the construction of grates of this kind in other respects hereinafter specified.`

In the accompanying drawings:

Fig. l is a sectional plan view of a boiler furnace having a grate embodying the invention installed therein.

Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional elevation of the grate, on an enlarged scale, on line 2 2, Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a bearing cap` holding a grate bar in place.

ig. 4; is a perspective view of the lower portion of a bearing for a grate bar.

Fig. 5 isla perspective view of a locking device for holding the cap on the bearing.

F ig. 6 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of the boiler on line 6 6, F ig.A l.

Fig. 7 is -a fragmentary sectional elevation thereof.

Fig. 8 is a longitudinal sectional eleva tion thereof on line 8 8, Fig. l, with the movable parts in a different position.v

F ig. 9 is a fragmentary longitudinal sectional elevation of a grate of modified construction.

A represents a boiler furnace in which'a grate embodying the yinvention is installed, the furnace shown being of the corrugated type commonly used in Scotch or marine boilers, but it will be understood that the grate is not limited to use' in connection with furnaces or boilers of the Akind described but may be used in any kind of heating device.

The grate-includes a plurality of supporting bars or members B B, two Abeing shown in the construction illustrated, which are arranged at opposite sides of the grate and on which the grate bars are rotatably supported. Each of the grate bars consists of a central supporting rodor shaft C which may be of any desired construction and on which a plurality of fire supporting plates .D are arranged. These'plates, in the con-v struction shown, are provided with hubporltions clv adapted to engage with the rod or shaft C yso as to hold the plates against turning relatively to the rod.` rIhe plates `D which, in the construction shown, are substantially square with the corners slightly rounded off, may be of other polygonal shape which enables the plates when in their normal position to form a substantially flat grate surface, and which causes the plates, when turned to project into the fire, to advance the lire in a direction away lfrom the supply of fresh fuel. In order to accomplish these results the plates could be, for example, quadrangular in form, as shown in Figs. l to 8, or triangular, as shown in Fig. 9. The hubs d of the plates are provided with holes through which the shaft or rod C of a grate bar may extend, the holes in the construction shownvbeing square, and the intermediate portions of the shafts or rods C are preferably formed by two intersecting webs, as shown at c, the outer edges of the webs engaging in the corners of the square .holes so as to hold the plates against turning relatively to the shaft C. The ends c of the shaft C are preferably round in cross-section and are journaled in the supporting bars B B. The-plates D of adjacent grate bars are so arranged that the plates of each grate bar extend'betwe'en the plates of the adjacent bars. Consequently when all of the grate bars are turned 1n the ioy 4the grates is assured at all times. j the .plates are in their normal positions, the

saine direction, the corners of the re supporting plates ED pass'. into the spaces "be-l tween adjacent plates and keep these spaces clear or ashes, clinlzers or other obstructions, so that a free passage of air through @surfaces are pioiiidech -so that the-"lite of ,thegrate is greatly increased. The site of fthe lire supporting plates and the spaces between the plates may 'be varied in 'vaccordance with the fuel to be burned and, it desired, the plates or 4 projections may be inade integral vor vmay `be otherwise secured on the supporting rodfor 'shaft C.

4Means are preferably provided tor -turnving the grate bars to advance the fuel and to remove the ash, and the v.fgrate bars are preferably so Aturned that they will yali'fvays` stop in 1positions in" which the upper edges .io-f .the iiire lsupporting plates ,are lsubstantially in thek same plane.

rlfhis may be aci "complished by any desired means, those shown in the drawings being constructed as follows;

-Eaoh of the 'grate bars is provided at one `-end with :a toothed `or ratchet w'heelE which .is suitably secured to the supportingwrod or shaft C of the Lgrate bar.

in number rto theiire suj'iporting edges of the plates-D. f Theratchetwheel, in the'construction shown, isprovided with hub c, the'outersurface of which is-circular and'on which an arm e is rotatably -inounted The arm e. is provided with a dog- F pivoted at to the arm ve and l:provided with a tooth f adapted :to engage with the iteeth of the yratchet Wheel, and with awweighted portion f2 which is-adaptedeto y-ieldingly `move the ltooth of :the dog into operative relation-to `the `ratchet wheel E. Airatchet mechanism of Vany 'other kind may be ein- ;ployed, the construction shown being desirable since it is not affected by the/.heat- -of the furnace.

Each of the arms e of the grate bars is pivotally connected adjacent to @its outer end .to #aconnecting :bar or rod G,

which 1may be actuated lbyA any suitable means, suoli, ttorexainple, :as a linkrg pivotally connected at one end to the vconnecting 'bar'G and .fat its othervend yto one endof a clever Cr arranged outside of ythe-'furnace @"When :this lever Gf is rocked it 'moves'the f Yconnecting,rod G romoneextreine position 'LO the other, thus causing the dogs F to enn This ratchet. wheel is provided with teeth corresponding` gage with a tooth of the ratchetwheel E and 'to turn -the ratchet wheel through an :arc equivalent to the arc between adjacent teeth. This causes the grate bars to be ro- "ated from a position in which the iilat edges of the fire supporting plates are in substanf tially the saine plane to a positioiifiii Awhich other edges oi" the tire supporting plates are iii a similar position. While the grate bars are moving 'from one o'fthese operative positions to another,the l.tire supporting bars assume positions such as shown in fligs and 8, in which the corners ofthe lire supporting plates pass intothe body ofthe fuelv .and advance `the saine in a direction away from the front of Athe furnace 4or troni the supply oi? fresh fuel. A certain .amount of ash is also removed .from ithefuel when the ,-gratebars are rotated and passes 'fbetween the fire supporting plates. After actuation of the .lever tG, a different edge oit each of ythe lire supporting plates. issubjected .to y.the 'actionoli the fire and vtheedge which was previously Iin the lire supportin'gposition:is i

given -a chance to oooh the lever Gr being preferably so arranged that when-iiiovedato the limits off its movement the firezsupportiing plates will, be in such positions that their supper edgeslie .substantially ein: ithe same plane.y Any'other means for .rotating may z:be employed.

the @frate bars through the desired angle At the` trent-endet the grate a stationary lstinger bar H Iis ipreierably provided having f -lingers projecting :into `the spaces between -the'iiie supporting plates, and .at the rearof `.the i'fuiznace a bar 2H -is provided which -eX- itcnds `a slightdistaneebeyond the lastggrafte bar.' Anyfclinkers which pass-overdche lgrate :from the -troiit vend orf the furnace/to :the rear aand which do not Jp ass between the ffire supportingplates .are "discharged through 'the space ibetween the last grate Ybar andthe `rear bar. H..

These bars may vbe -of any other suitable -or rdesired -`constiaiction.

The grate fbars may bejjournaled or rotain any suitable ina-nner, and are lpreferably lsiuaported thereon in such ra manner 'as 'ito be readily removable in case repairs are -required, ln the construction showmthe .bars fB and B vare yprovided with bearings l for the rounded ends foi? the bars 'or rods IC of ably lformed integral with.thesidesirpport fingnienihers B and B". Jabove the bea-'rings llgthe supporting nrieni'bers` .are preferably 'provided with guide portions z' which, .fin the construction ..shown, are rounded 4or `eo.n.-v vexed, .and are adapted vto I.engage with correspondingly concaved portions e" of :bean ing cap yniembersfl. Each :cap member is provided with'a bearingfportion ./2 corresponding 'ito the ,bearing portion .I lso that when the cap member is in operative positably mounted on the ysupporting bars =B jB i the grate bara These-bearings are ,preferfor positively holding the bearing .cap-

v. against upward movement. `In the :con-

struction shown for this purpose, the upperflanges K of thesupporting members B' B f.

are provided withinclined faces Ic and each bearing cap is also provided with an upper flange` portion Zc""provided with a lcorrespondinglyy inclinedl edge in?. When a bearing capV is in operative position, a' key 7a3 having parts 104 adaptedto straddle the web` portion of the=suppo`rting member of the grate can be inserted between the inclined faces .lc and-k2, as shown in Fig. 6, and thus hold the ybearing caps in place on the supporting members in the grate. ln order to remove a grate bar yfrom the grate itis only necessary toy disconnect the arm e from the connecting rod Gr, then'to remove the locking keys 7c3 if the saine are used, and to raise the bearing caps l. The bar can then be readily removed from the'grate and in case one or more of the fire supporting plates are damaged, they can easily be removed from the central shaftC of the grate bar and can be replaced by others. The upper flange K of the supporting part B preferably eX- tends into close proximity to the fire supporting plates D and the corresponding flange of the supporting member B extends over the ratchet wheels E and the arms e, thus protecting them against injury from the fire. f

The grate bar described has the advantage that the fire supporting plates when in theirv normal positions have their upper or fire supporting edges substantialy in the same plane so that no parts of the grate extend upwardly into the fire, which would cause these parts to burn off and would result in rapid deterioration or burning out of the grate. Furthermore, the corners of the plates described, when the grate bars are turned, project into the fire far enough to advance the fuel even when the grate is arranged in a horizontal plane. This makes it possible to use this grate 'in Scotch or marine boilers in which stolring grates have heretofore not been used for the reason that the furnaces in these boilers are necessarily quite small and an inclined grate could not be used therein. The grate takes up very little space and keeps itself clean, since the corners of the plates in passing between the plates of an adjacent grate bar clear out any obstruction which may have settled between these plates, so that a goed draft is ensured through the grate at all times. In firing a boiler equipped with this grate, the fuel is all placed on the front of the grate and is then fed to the rear by the rotation of the grate bars. This maires it-l possible to provide a substantially vsmokeless .fireA since i the sinolre from the green fuel atthe front of the grate vpasses over the hotfu'el in theiniddie and rear portions of the grate where it is consumed, Theaction of the grateV in` adfvancing the fuel during the combustion thereof also maires the grate readily adapte able for automatic. stokei's. The grate, furthermore, can be 4'easily repaired,fsince vfire f supporting plates which have become -in' jured can be readily replaced by other'plates with very little expense since thel partsxof the grate bars which are uninjured canbe .one grate. bar being. adapted to enterr into the-spaces between the platesof an adjacent grate bar, said plates having a pluralityff-of substantially fiat` edges, Aand intermittently "operating mechanism for turning said grate bars for advancing the fuel, said mechanism after each operation leaving the grate bars in positions in which the uppermost fiat edges of the plates lie substantially in the same plane to forma substantially flat grate surface.

2. In a grate, the combination of a grate bar including a central supporting rod, a plurality of fire supporting plates arranged on said rod and rotatable therewith, a fixed bearing for said rod, a ratchet wheel secured on'said rod and'arranged adjacent to said bearing, means rotatably arranged on said rod adjacent to said ratchet wheel and cooperating with said ratchet wheel to turn said grate bar through ak predetermined angle, said bearing including a removable cap having a flange overhanging said ratchet wheel and said means for turning said grate bars, to protect said ratchet wheel and turning ineans against the action of the fire andl to render these parts readily accessible.

3'. A grate including a plurality of gra-te bars, each having a number of transversely extending polygonal plates arranged with their flat faces in substantially upright planes and spaced apart, the edges of said plates in their normal position lying substantially in the same plane to `form a substantially liatgrate surface, the plates of each grate bar being adapted to enter into the spaces between plates of an adjacent grate bar for clearing said spaces of ash and the like, ratchet wheels on said grate bars having teeth corresponding in number to the number of edges of said plates, and intermittently operating means cooperating with said ratchet wheels for turning said grate bars to advance the fuel, said means leav- V-fing said platesfin `'positior'is in which the .upp'erlflat edges of theplates are substanytiall-ynithe-sarnef'plane.

f4. Agrate 'including a plurality of rota stably-mounted grate bars,'eacli of said'grate bars'. having -a central supporting rod, and

*.a plurality ofplates secured to said supporting rods and spaced apart,'tlie plates .of One` :grate 'bar being adapted to enter into the spaces be'tWeen .the `plates of -an adjacent "grate bar, saidplates having aplurality of substantially 'flat edges, supporting vnie1ni 'be'rs .atvthle sides of'said grate in which the Afgrate f .rods fare journaled, intermittently yoperating mechanism larranged at the sideH of saidv grate for turning said` grateibars to advanee'the fuel, said meohanisrnyafter Veach rfoperation thereof `positioning said plates Wthtlieir auppermos'tseldges Vin substantially the 'same `plane after' 'eaeh operation "of advanieingfrthe fuel, and a langeon the upper Eedge of said :sup-porting Vrneznber Vfor proftecti'ng 'said mechanism from `theaetion 'of v"5.' A grate "including a lpluralityro'f V'rota-n table grate bars, supporting 'members 4at'the vil ,4245937 sides ofV ysaid "grate, fea-eh fof, @said members having a lVertical web "and .a substantially horizontal -upperlilange .and havi'ngreeesses in its -upper portion forming bearings for saidnfgrate bars, bearing 4caps lposelytti'ng into said, recesses land nov'able vertically rinto and out of lsaid recesses yandln'aving l'upper flanges lextend-ing substantially een 3tinuously'with said `.flanges 103B said supporting -nie1nbers, contiguous edges of `the,

`flanges of said bearing eaps r and supporting members -loeingbevelled, and ".nelined key `,Inenibers having-flangeportions engaging `-between said bevell'e'd edgebfnftzhe yupper y 'ianges -of said bearing .Soaps v-and said sup-4;

porting members y'for releasably securing said grate bars in fplaee, said fkey members also Ahaving bifureated portions straddling said 'vertical Web -`of -said `supporting niemmy hand, @4th -day 'of July-,1 

